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They say that emperor Julius Caesar asked the astronomer of Alexandria '' Sosígenes '' to order a new calendar, from the year 45 before our era. It consisted of 12 months or 365 days. With 6 hours, 11 minutes and 12 seconds more, from time to time, it increased one day . Because of this came the leap year.
The Julian Calendar was in force until Pope Gregory XIII ordered to modify it in 1582. Another calendar of popular use that gained extraordinary significance was the one created by Mateo Laensberg in 1636. In Cuba, the first calendar was published in 1802. This initiative came from Antonio Robredo, journalist, writer and founder of the Library of the Economic Society of the Country’s Friends.
The lunar calendar consists of 12 months or 354 days and measures the time based on the lunar cycle. Today only the Hebrews and the Mohammedans use the Moon for their computations of time. On the other hand, Solar calendars take as a basis the period of revolution of the Earth around the Sun, or the seasons cycle that derives from this movement. To learn more about when and why the Greenwich meridian was adopted, or about the civil day and the astronomical day, you can read the book "The Calendar" by Alfredo Mateo Domingo, published by Editorial Oriente.
